健康论坛
丝路方舟
达莱马总理演讲稿
2016年5月19日
女士们先生们，丝绸之路的朋友们，首先我要感谢大家的到来，我非常高兴有此殊荣在今天这样重要的活动中发言。
我对中国政府抱有由衷的敬意，但是我认为一带一路是一个意义重大的倡议，仅仅依靠政府是不够的，只有把来自政治、文化和经济等各方面的力量汇集在一起，才能够成功地完成这个宏伟的计划。
我目前是欧洲先进研究基金会的主席。欧洲先进研究基金会是欧洲先进的智囊组织。自基金会成立以来，我们一直致力于为欧洲和其合作伙伴譬如中国之间的对话合作牵线搭桥。前不久欧洲先进研究基金会也成为了丝路智库的成员。所以我非常今天非常高兴能和大家就这些问题展开讨论，譬如中国和欧洲怎样增强合作？中国和欧洲之间的伙伴关系在未来应该怎样加强加深？
从过去我们在双边关系建设的成绩中可以看出，在过去的几十年里我们达成了非常多的成就。去年是中国和欧洲建交四十周年纪念，这个里程碑不仅给了我们一个机会回顾我们在这四十年的关系中所完成的成就，更为我们未来共同发展的道路提供了更多可能。事实上，在这过去的几十年里我们的关系正在不断的加强，中欧之间的贸易合作愈加紧密，中欧之间的日贸易额甚至超过了十亿欧元。
今天中国已成为欧洲第二大经济合作伙伴，是欧洲投资的主要去向之一，也是一个不断增长的投资来源。更重要的是，中欧交流不仅仅局限于经济方面，随着时间的推移双方的合作更延伸到其他领域，包括科技、教育、文化等方方面面。
我们之间合作的另一个基础是我们拥有一个共同的愿景，比如说我们都致力于维护国际性和地域性的和平。在当今并不平静的世界里，我们也都非常愿意包容多元化的组织和多元化的机构。而且除此之外中国和欧洲在一定层面上都面临着同样的挑战。不久之前在金融危机发生之后，欧洲面临了前所未有的经济困难。而在中国，过去三十年里经济发展非常地迅速，但是最近的增速也放慢了下来，这也使中国和欧洲人民面临的生活困难的问题将更加凸显。
我们如何能够减少失业率，怎样对抗社会中与日俱增的不公平？我们怎样保持一个平等而持续的增长？我们怎么能够在民粹主义和极端主义的侵害下保护我们的政党、我们的政治系统和我们的社会？考虑到这些问题，欧盟亟需改变一些目前的想法、方针和政策。我们要知道欧洲面临危机的真正因素并不是债务，而是社会上的不公平、内需的减少、以及投资的锐减。所以，我们必须要停止紧缩性政策。
我认为我们不仅仅需要动员私人资金去投资，更要增加政府在公共事业上的投资。所以我相信一带一路倡议将会为我们带来很多全新的投资机会。提到中国，我不得不承认中国在工业在技术方面颇有建树，但是与此同时我认为中国也需要关注快速发展所带来的很多不公平现象。
另外我认为中国还需要在社会安全和环境保护方面有所加强。中国很多城市的污染都是不可持续的，更需要努力去改善，所以我完全支持中国的新政策。我认为中国目前的经济减缓是一个过渡的时期，我坚信与过去相比，我们未来将会有更多的合作机会。在这个沟通越发便捷的世界里，让中国和欧洲保持紧密持久的关系的一个重要因素是我们有一个共同的期待，我们都希望能够保持可持续可循环的增长，这也意味着有很多事情需要我们去完成。事实上，欧洲已经从中国经济的快速增长中获益良多，中国也在和欧洲的合作中受益匪浅。双方的合作有巨大的潜力，也不得不否认有很多障碍的存在。中国和欧洲之间的的交流对双方都至关重要，在这里我想指出两个有益于增进我们合作交流的因素。
我认为第一个因素是我们应该保持持续的，可建设性的对话。在此我想说，大家不要认为欧盟不承认中国市场经济的地位的投票是一件很有戏剧性的事，相信我们会克服这个困难，继续合作，与我们今天的丝路方舟类似的组织和机构论坛将能给我们提供更多的机会让我们深入讨论这些问题。因为只有通过这样真正的对话，我们才能知道哪些改革是我们双方都欢迎的，只有这样我们之间的关系才能更加紧密，更加繁荣。所以我认为一带一路方针政策对未来是至关重要的。自从2013年习近平提出了这个倡议之后，真正为中国和欧盟、中国与世界上的其他国家的合作打下了坚实的基础，我个人也相信在此基础之上，各国之间的合作能够产生更好的协同效应。例如，在去年第十七次中国欧盟领导人会晤中双方都指出，怎样发挥欧洲投资计划和一带一路倡议之间的协同效应是个很重要的命题。所以欧洲先进研究基金会作为丝路智库的成员，我们想强调一带一路倡议成功的最重要的因素是必须坚持相互平等、互惠互利、机会均等原则，让每一方都能平等地进入市场。最后，我想说如果欧盟各国相互帮助，齐心协力，欧盟将是一带一路倡议的最大赢家。我想说欧洲一些大国还保留着一个坏习惯，喜欢独自建立双边关系，而不是和欧盟成为一个整体。所以为了欧洲，最终也为了中国，欧盟内部要在一带一路合作的战略思想、战略行动上要有一个清晰的统一协调的回应。
女士们先生们，在瞬息万变的全球环境下，尤其是当下中国和欧盟的关系正面临着一个新的发展机会的阶段性时刻，我也敦促中国和欧洲之间加强对话，加强合作，这样双方的合作在一带一路的倡议下才能完全地发挥出潜能，实现一个更美好的明天。这样的合作，需要双方互相的尊重，在这互相尊重的基础上才能加强对话。在过去中国和欧盟关系发展了四十余年之后，只有这样我们的合作才能提供动力，为我们双方建设具有更加牢固、更加持久的关系。
让我用几句个人感言来结束今天的演讲。我是中国人民的老朋友，我第一次到中国访问早在1979年，当时的中国共产党正准备重新恢复和发展与意大利共产党的关系。我当时是意大利共青团的书记，那时的我比现在年轻很多。当时意大利共产党的总书记把我叫过去说：“你在我之前带一个代表团先去访问中国，在中国考察一下，回来写一个报告给我。”还记得那次访问是在1979年的圣诞期间，非常令人印象深刻。原因之一是中国非常遥远，对我来说就是另一个世界。我还记得那时候的北京，我们下榻的北京饭店是那时候唯一的涉外饭店。我记得在清晨我突然听到一阵非常奇怪的响声，就像是一条大河在流淌。我打开窗，发现那是一条自行车的河流，大街上没有一辆汽车，当时的中国人都只能骑自行车上班。看看今天的中国，再想想当年的访问，我觉得那好像不是四十年前，而是两个世纪前发生的。我相信，在座的各位都对中国今天取得的巨大的成就而感到骄傲。
中国是一个实力大国，当然这也意味着中国要承担更多的责任。大国必须明智，并且必须和其他国家一起合作。中国和欧洲的交流合作对整个世界都至关重要，这不仅仅是为了世界经济的繁荣增长，更是为了和平与稳定。我相信在座各位所做的，将会为这一合作友谊的建设发挥重要的作用！
谢谢大家！
Keynote Speech by
Hon. Massimo D’Alema
19th of May 2016
Ladies and Gentlemen, dear friends of Silk Road Ark,
Thank you for inviting me. It is a great honor and pleasure to be addressing you, such a significant audience here today.
I fully respect the government, but I believe that the “One Belt, One Road” initiative is so important that we have to commit not only government, but also politicians, culture, businessmen, if we want to be successful in that very ambitious project.
I now chair the Foundation for European Progressive Studies, a major progressive think tank at the European level. Since our founding, we have been at the forefront of the effort for conducting a substantive dialogue with European strategic partners such as China. Recently our Foundation became a member of the Silk Road Think Tank Association. In this sense it is a pleasure to be here, precisely because of the very topic that we will be focusing on.
How can both China and Europe enhance their cooperation?
Ladies and Gentlemen, taking stock of the achievement of this relationship so far, it is an undeniable fact that much has been achieved over the past decades.
Last year we celebrated the 40th anniversary of EU-China diplomatic relations, a landmark that all of us not only look back as a major achievement in this relationship, but also for the future and explore potential for a more determined common path. And indeed in the past few decades this relationship has become increasingly strong. EU-China trade has increased dramatically and China and Europe now trade well over one billion Euros a day.
China is Europe’s second largest trade partner, a major destination for the European investment and a growing source of investment in the European Union. What is very important is that this relationship has not been solely constrained to an economic level as ties have developed on multiple levels over the course of time between these two sides expanding to the scientific, technological, educational and cultural fields.
These ties concern not only our shared common beliefs, such as our common commitment to global and regional security and stability. Because we support together multilateralism and multilateral institutions in today’s chaotic world.
At the same time, Europe and China, to a large extent, had to face similar challenges. Indeed for Europe, a continent as you are all well aware, has faced unprecedented hardship due to the financial crisis. But also for China, a country that has changed radically over the last three decades is now facing an economic slowdown. There are a number of common issues that concern our people’s lives in an increasingly visible matter.
How do we fight unemployment and the increasing inequality that exist in our society? How do we ensure a more sustainable and equitable growth? How do we shield our political parties, our political systems and our societies from the destructive forces of populism and extremism?
As far as the European Union is concerned, we have to radically change our analysis, our approach, and our policies. Which means to address the real main element of the European crisis, which is not the debt, but social inequalities, reduction of internal consumption, the collapse of investments, which means that we have to stop with austerity policy.
I think that we need not only to mobilize private money for investment, but also to promote public investments. When I think of the “One Belt, One Road” project, I believe that it is a good opportunity for new investments. Speaking about China, I want to underline that I personally totally share for China, the goal of announcing the technological level of Chinese industrial and services system.
At the same time I think that China needs to reduce the imbalances and the inequalities, created by an accelerated growth.
I think that China needs to improve social protection and take care of the environment. Fighting the unsustainable level of pollution of many Chinese cities, which means that I totally support the new policy of China. I consider the current slowdown of China’s economy like a transition period. I believe that there are many opportunities to work together, much more than in the past. Ladies and gentlemen, in today’s interconnected world, the most important element that has brought China and Europe closer and has let us establish a more sustainable relationship is the common goal we have to support a more sustainable growth. A lot remains to be done actually. And if I may say so, stakes for doing so would not be high. Indeed, European Union has a huge stake in China’s economic success, and China also has a massive stake in its relationship with the European Union. It is within this context of great potential and of a number of obstacles and I would like to express the importance of two major factors that can have beneficial effect in our joint effort to strengthen this partnership which is vital for both sides. The first primary component that in my opinion is clique if we are to seek closer cooperation and coordination is the continuation of a constructive dialogue. In this sense let me say, don’t make a drama for the vote of the European parliament. I’m sure that we will overcome this obstacle, working together, and I’m convinced that initiatives such as this forum, this ark of Silk Road will further aid our chief understand the common opportunities and challenges that exist in this very important relationship between Europe and China. Because it is only through dialogue that we can arrive a common understanding about which kind of reforms are mutually beneficial, so that this relationship can prosper. For this reason I strongly believe that projects such as the “One Belt, One Road” initiative have tremendous potential to prove significant. Indeed, since it’s introduction by Chinese President Xi Jinping in 2013, this initiative has provided a framework within which prototype of synergies between Europe and China can be found, and for example, it was confirmed at the 17th Euro-China Summit Meeting last year that both sides addressed the importance to identify synergies between European Plan and the One Belt One Road Projects. As I said before, Foundation for European Progressive Studies has become a member of the Silk Road Think Tank Association, and in this capacity, we have emphasized that the most crucial component of success of the plan is that the principles of parity, reciprocity, equal opportunities and equal access to the markets are guaranteed in the way all components of the initiative of thoughts. Finally, we believe, that the European Union has the most benefit from the initiative if it stands together. Together means as the European Union and not an individual bilateral basis, which is, in my opinion, a bad habit of many European countries, particularly the major power we have in Europe. For Europe and ultimately for China it is important to articulate and implement a single coherent common European response that incorporates the Silk Road in its strategic thinking and in its strategic action.
Ladies and Gentlemen,
In a world of shifting global realities and at a time when the Sino-European relations are acknowledged to have reached a very important level, we are urgent to act so that this relationship can achieve its very promising true and full potential. The only way to do so is if we work together on the basis of a positive and progressive direction in a mutual respectful and collaborative spirit.
After 40 years of a dynamic cooperation, only then can the partnership that we have ordered so far provide the impetus for more moments and more meaningful relationship between both sides and our people.
And finally let me conclude by a personal memory. I am an old friend of China. My first visit to China was in 1979. When after the Cultural Revolution and civil war, the Communist Party of China decides to reestablish relations with the Communist Party of Italy. At that time I was the leader of the Communist Youth in Italy, and I was younger than now. The leader of our party called me, and told me “You have to go to China before me with the delegation. Visit China and give me a report on China, before I leave to China.” And we came to China. It was before Christmas in 1979. It was a very impressive visit. One of the reasons was because China was very far, another world. I remember Beijing at that time. We were guest of Beijing Hotel, which was the only one for foreign guests. I remember early in the morning, I heard a strange sound like a river, which flows. I opened the window and there was a river of bikes. Not a single car. Chinese people at that time were going to work in the morning. I remember the visit and when I see the China today, I feel like it was centuries ago, not only 40 years ago. I believe you must be very proud of China what China could achieve. China is a very big power, which means to have more responsibilities. A big power has to be wise and particularly work together with the others. That is my opinion. The global world needs China and the EU to work together, not only for growth, but particularly for peace and stability. I am sure that what we are doing will be very useful to this friendship and cooperation.
Thank you!